Different types of electrical equipment pdf

As all we know transformers are generally used to step up and step down the voltage level. Find out about the different types of electrical safety tests done on electrical equipment and appliances, the process of testing and what you need to do if you wish to test your equipment. Displays waveform of a signal, allows measurement of frequency, timing, peak excursion, offset. Wiring a process of connecting various accessories for distribution of electrical energy from suppliers meter board to home appliances such as lamps, fans and other domestic appliances is known as electrical wiring can be done using two methods which are.

Electrical installation handbook protection, control and. They are also available in both insulatedand uninsulated handles. It usually consists of an enclosure, a variety of electrical components, and often a power switch. Dvm and vtvm measures the level of af signals in volume units. Protective relays work in concert with sensing and control devices to accomplish their function. There is a common misunderstanding that it is only portable equipment that needs to be pat tested. We think that every equipment will need a different mix of different types of maintenance, a particular mix of tasks, so that maintenance models will be as many as existing equipment. Identify the different types of personal safety equipment. Additionally, electricians perform a multitude of electrical installations in diverse industries, including automotive, marine and residential. Electrical components unit 36 objectives after completing this unit, you will be able to. Examples of ppe include such items as gloves, foot and eye protection, protective hearing devices earplugs. There are many different types of electrical switches. As the name suggests, oneline diagrams use a single line to represent all three phases.

Types of electrical equipment pat testing courses, city. The old saying, use the right tool for the job, couldnt be more relevant, especially when it comes to electrical work. Note that thermocouple wire color codes can vary around the world. People rely on electricity foe everything from traveling and lightbulbs. Principles of electrical grounding john pfeiffer, p. Types of electrical power distribution systems you should. The viewpoints expressed in this paper are provided as a guide to industry, recognizing that the nec, nfpa, and osha set the standards but do not cover the myriad of questions associated with labeling the different types of electrical equipment in industry. Introduction to electrical faults electrical networks, machines and equipments are often subjected to various types of faults while they are in operation. Different types of electrical switches and light switch types.

Bring to class several items of electrical equipment and tools that are discussed in the text of this lesson plan. There are different types of power generating substations like thermal, atomic, and hydroelectric. This forth wire may or may not be distributed in distribution system. Common myths and misunderstandings about arcflash hazard assessments. The two most commonly used are the wiring diagram and the schematic diagram.

Types of wiring systems and methods of electrical wiring. In germany, the electrical and electronic equipment act came into effect on 16 march 2005, which, along with the rohs, also adopted eu directive weee disposal of waste electrical and electronic equipment in german law. Types and revolution of electrical relays introduction. Types of earthing systems used in electrical installations custom search the international standard iec60364, part 4, and reference 10 uses a set of diagrams to explain the five basic methods of earthing and providing the neutral of an electrical installation where it is required. An electrical cable, or power cable, is used to transmit electrical power. Originally, the plan was to write about another topic. This is a discussion of the basic principles behind grounding systems and how grounding is related to safety and the effective operation of circuit protection devices such as fuses and circuit breakers. Put another way, the part of a circuit that connects to a welldefined output terminal is considered an electrical load. Today we are going to discuss types of electrical transformer which are the most costly protection system of the electrical system. The seven types of power problems schneider electric data center science center white paper 18 rev 1 5 8 the impulsive transient is what most people are referring to when they say they have experienced a surge or a spike. Certain types of boats will need electrical installations in order to run. They can have bathrooms, kitchen, living room, and bedroom.

Tt has always been preferable for special applications like telecommunication sites that benefit from the interferencefree earthing. Each type of protection achieves its safety from ignition in different ways and not all are. Oneline diagrams do not show the exact electrical connections of the circuits. Measures the potential difference between two points in a circuit. Based on the availability of different resources, substations are building at different locations, but these locations. The types of insulated power cables listed in the catalogue are designed solely for. Electrical installations specifies extensively the rules to comply with to ensure safety and correct operational functioning of all types of electrical installations.

More specifically, often electrical equipment refers only to components. Aug 27, 2019 the term electrical conduit refers to durable tubing or other types of enclosure used to protect and provide a route for individual electrical wiring conductors. When a fault occurs, the characteristic values such as impedance of the machines may change from existing values to different values till the fault is cleared. There are two basic methods that can be used to earth the body of electrical equipment. The conditions of measurement determine the type of thermocouple wire and insulation to be used. Electrical cables provide connection and allow power stations, wired computer networks, televisions, telephones and other electricitypowered devices to work. The transition period for the affected manufacturers and sectors ran until 1 july 2006. At present, the demand for electrical power is growing rapidly, and this can be fulfilled by the power generating substations.

Types of tests electrical equipment testing metrotest. A maintenance model is a mixture of the previous types of maintenance in certain proportions, and it responds appropriately to the needs of a particular equipment. Based on the availability of different resources, substations are building at different locations, but these locations may not be closer to load centers. Voltage between phase to phase called line voltage and voltage between phase and neutral is called phase voltage. Conduit is typically required where wiring is exposed or where it might be subject to damage. Schematic electrical wiring diagrams are different from other electrical wiring diagrams because they show the flow through the circuit rather than the physical layout of any equipment. Electrical earthing definition, types of electrical. They are wiring, schematic, and pictorial diagrams. Examples include a lightbulb, a resistor and a motor. An electrical substation is an installation with electrical equipment capable of interrupting or establishing electrical circuits and changing the voltage, frequency, or other characteristics of the electrical energy flowing in the circuits. The different types of electrical earthing systems include the following. To connect the metallic conductive parts of an electric appliance or installations to the earth ground is called earthing or grounding.

However portable appliance testing actually refers to the process that is more formally described by the iet as inservice inspection and testing of. Electrical wiring methods, components and equipment for. Electrical equipment pdf free download as pdf file. The iet categorise electrical equipment into specific types. Sep 05, 2011 type of electrical power distribution systems. Switch operators can be found in various shapes and sizes, such as toggles or buttons, and can be furnished in a variety of colors. Read and interpret blueprints, drawings, diagrams, and. Electrical equipment includes any machine powered by electricity. There are many types of electrical cables that differ in configuration, size and performance.

The distinctions between the types of electrical equipment are mainly used. Types of earthing systems used in electrical installations. Types of faults in electrical power systems electronics hub. The following is a general procedure for use of test equipment. What is electrical wiringdifferent types of electrical wiring systems. Below is the list of measuring instruments used in electrical and electronic work. List of electrical and electronic measuring equipment wikipedia. The process of earthing or electrical grounding can be done in several ways like wiring in factories, housing, other machines, and electrical equipment. Nov 21, 2018 from computers and copiers to shredders and smartphones, modern offices require a number of different kinds of equipment, furniture and supplies in order to function properly. Personal protective equipment, commonly referred to as ppe, is equipment worn to minimize exposure to a variety of hazards. Switches can be simple onoff types or can have multiple positions that, for instance, can control the speed of a multispeed fan. There are ten recognized types of protection for hazardous area electrical apparatus. Power transformers are the most important equipment in an electrical substation. The reason for the existence of type designations is that different pieces of medical electrical equipment have different areas of application and therefore different electrical safety requirements.

The big advantage of the tt earthing system is the fact that it is clear of high and low frequency noises that come through the neutral wire from various electrical equipment connected to it. Most equipment will be connected via a standard a plug, but this is not always the case. A conduit can be made of metal or plastic and may be rigid or flexible. It may show ratings and sizes of electrical equipment and circuit conductors as well as the protective devices. Pat testing actually covers the inspection and testing of all electrical equipment and appliances that are connected, or could be connected, to the fixed electrical installation. From computers and copiers to shredders and smartphones, modern offices require a number of different kinds of equipment, furniture and supplies in order to function properly. Jul 12, 2017 today we are going to discuss types of electrical transformer which are the most costly protection system of the electrical system. Casing and capping wiringbatten wiring cts or trslead sheathed wiringconduit wiringsurface conduit wiringconcealed conduit wiringtypes of conduitmetallic. Use of electrical test equipment test equipment is necessary for determining proper setup, adjustment, operation, and maintenance of electrical systems and control panels. What are the different electrical tools and equipments. The degree of protection for medical electrical equipment is defined by the type designation. Cleat wiring methods of electrical wiring systems w. Electrical apparatus for use in hazardous areas needs to be designed and constructed in such a way that it will not provide a source of ignition. Different types of electrical installation synhitek.

There are both digital and analog versions and both have advantages in different. Temperature range, environment, insulation requirements, response and service life should be considered. More specifically, electrical equipment refers to the. Twinlead this type of cable is a flat twowire line. Electrical wiring components and accessories ncert.

Under normal power system operation, a protective relay remains idle and serves no active function. Basic electrical tools, equipment, and their uses pliers pliers are available in different types, shape, and sizes. Electrical earthing, grounding, methods of earthing, types of earthing, components of earthing and its specifications in respect to electrical earthing for electrical installations. Automated test equipment change tests by changing cables rapidly move between testing different assembly applications by simply page 825. What are the symbols that represent the different types of fire extinguishers. A load converts electricity into heat, light or motion. A switch is used to make or break an electrical circuit. Multimeters measures voltage, current, resistance, sometimes capacitance and frequency. Twisted pair consists of two interwound insulated wires.

But when fault or undesirable condition arrives relay must be operated and function correctly. Nema enclosure types the purpose of this document is to provide general information on the definitions of nema enclosure types to architects, engineers, installers, inspectors and other interested parties. Visit the local fire department to observe the types of equipment used and the types of handheld fire extinguishers recommended for different locations in agricultural businesses. Its easy to see how this has come about, after all pat stands for portable appliance testing. Electrical tools and equipment before you tackle any electrical project, having the proper tools is essential to getting the job done efficiently, correctly, and more importantly, safely. Pdf management and maintenance of electrical equipment in. Electrical power is distribution either three wires or four wires 3 wire for phases and 1 wire for neutral. Basic electrical tools, equipment, and their uses pliers. In addition to pure copper we also process a variety. Type of electrical power distribution systems electrical.

Electrical equipment pdf transformer engines scribd. An insulated handle should be used when working on or near hot wires. Types voltmeters for measuring differences of potential voltage between two points in an electrical circuit. Many different terms, such as bump, glitch, power surge. But after some thought and reflection, it occurred to me that there is very little information about electrical grounds and grounding. Office equipment falls into a few main categories, based on the equipments overall function in the office. There are two different types of voltage in common use today. List of electrical and electronic measuring equipment. The old saying, use the right tool for the job, couldnt be more relevant, especially when it. Pliers are available in different types, shape, and sizes. An electrician consults an electrical drawing or schematic to assure he installs the electrical wiring correctly.

Differnet types of electrical transformer protection. The seven types of power problems shi international corp. Acces pdf electrical engineering test equipment equipment this episode goes over the many different types of electrical test equipment that we use out in the field. A schematic is best described as an impression of the circuit and wiring than a genuine representation. Some of the tools that i used in my career as an electrical field engineer. You know that boats can have anything inside like a small apartment. The letter n is subdivided into other letters, s and c, thus giving ns and nc and ncs. For example, some equipment may be permanently fixed via a fuse spur, or use an industrial plug and socket arrangement. Hopefully, they will be many of the same tools and equipment that students will be using to conduct various lab activities to learn electrical wiring procedures. Doehdbk1016193 electrical diagrams and schematics electrical diagrams and schematics types of electrical diagrams or schematics there are three ways to show electrical circuits. For more detailed and complete information, nema standards publication 2502003, enclosures for electrical equipment volts maximum.